Oct 20, 2012 2 min read

Grapes are a great backyard choice if you’re seeking delicious juice, some wine to savor or snacks fresh from the vine. But look elsewhere if it’s low maintenance or fast production that you want.

Grapevines need a lot of attention and as many as five years to mature from bare root plants.

“It’s less expensive to do grapes than traditional landscaping like shrubs and flowers from an investment viewpoint,” said Tom Powers, author of “The Organic Backyard Vineyard” (Timber Press, 2012). “The trade-out is that you have to put in more maintenance time.

Starting a small vineyard also requires planning. Does your preference run to table grapes or wine grapes? American or European cultivars? Do you plan to use chemical pesticides and herbicides or go organic?

Whatever you decide, don’t let a lack of space stop you, said Powers, who has designed and installed more than 100 vineyards, primarily around the San Francisco Bay Area.

Here are some additional grape-growing basics:

n Selection/hardiness: Match the grapes to your climate by knowing how many frost-free days they’ll need to ripen, Powers said.

n Spacing: Vines planted for training on a trellis normally are spaced 8 feet apart, while those planted for training on an arbor can be placed 4 feet apart.

n Soil: Most any kind will do, but the best are those combining fertility with good drainage.

n Sunlight: At least eight hours a day. Photosynthesis uses energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide to sugar.

n Pruning: Once a year when the vines are dormant. Strip any part of the leaf canopy that forms around the fruit.

n Pest management: The first step is to practice prevention. Choose the right location, prepare the soil and select the right rootstock. Maintain the vines properly with adequate water and nutrition. Always use the least toxic method for control of any problem.

Grapevines require three years, minimum, to produce a harvest, Powers said. “I tell people five years. Growing grapes teaches patience.”